Book Chapter
[1]
M. B. Steer and
W. D. Palmer, Multifunctional Adaptive Microwave
Circuits and Systems,
SciTech Publishing, 2008.
Chapter 1: RF System
Design by Michael Steer, Alan Victor and Kevin Gard
Journal Publications
[1] M. Li, L. Hoover, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, “Behavioral Modeling and Impact Analysis of Physical
Impairments in Quadrature Modulators,” Accepted for publication in IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation.
[2] G. Krishnamurthy and K. G. Gard,
“Time Division Multiplexing Front-ends for Multi-antenna Integrated
Wireless Receivers,” Accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems I.
[3] C. P. Domizioli, B. L. Hughes, K. G.
Gard, and G. Lazzi, “Noise Correlation in Compact Diversity
Receivers,” Accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. on Communications.
[4] R. E. Santos, N. B. Carvalho, and K.
Gard, "Characterization
of SNDR degradation in nonlinear wireless transmitters," Int. Journal of RF and Microwave
Computer-Aided Engineering, vol. 19, no. 4, 2009, pp. 470-480.
[5] G. J. Mazzaro, M. B. Steer, and K.
G. Gard, "Filter
characterization using one-port pulsed radio-frequency measurements," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation,
vol. 3, no. 2, 2009, pp. 303-309.
[6] J. R. Wilkerson, K. G. Gard, A. G.
Schuchinsky, and M. B. Steer, "Electro-Thermal
Theory of Intermodulation Distortion in Lossy Microwave Components,"
IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techn., vol. 56, no. 12, 2008, pp. 2717-2725.
[7] G. J. Mazzaro, M. B. Steer, K. G.
Gard, and A. L. Walker, "Response
of RF Networks to Transient Waveforms: Interference in Frequency-Hopped
Communications," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techn., vol. 56, no.
12, 2008, pp. 2808-2814.
[8] N. B. Carvalho, K. A. Remley, D.
Schreurs, and K. G. Gard, "Application
notes: multisine signals for wireless system test and design," IEEE
Microwave Magazine, vol. 9, no. 3, 2008, pp. 122-138.
[9] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, "Estimation of
co-channel nonlinear distortion and SNDR in wireless systems,"
Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, IET , vol.1, no.5, pp.1078-1085,
October 2007.
[10] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, "In-Band
Distortion of Multisines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techn.,
vol. 54, August 2006, pp. 3227-3236.
[11] S. Luniya, K. G. Gard, and M. B.
Steer, "Modeling Nonlinear
Distortion of Ultra Wideband Signals at X-Band," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 16, June 2006,
pp. 381-383.
[12] Wonhoon Jang, A. Walker, K. Gard, M.
B. Steer, "Capturing
asymmetrical spectral regrowth in RF systems using a multislice behavioral
model and enhanced envelop transient analysis," Intern. Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering,
vol. 16, July 2006, pp. 400-407.
[13] A. Walker, M. Steer, and K. G. Gard,
"A Vector Intermodulation
Analyzer Applied to Behavioral Modeling of Nonlinear Amplifiers With Memory,"
IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techn.,
vol. 54, May 2006, pp. 1991-1999.
[14] A. Walker, M. Steer, and K. Gard,
"Capturing Asymmetry in
Distortion of an RF System Using a Multislice Behavioral Model," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components
Letters, vol. 16, April 2006, pp. 212-214.
[15] K. G. Gard, L. E. Larson, and M. B.
Steer, "The Impact of
RF Front-End Characteristics on the Spectral Regrowth of Communications Signals,"
IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techn., vol. 56, June 2005, pp. 2179-
2186.
[16] H. Gutierrez, K. Gard, and M. B.
Steer, "Nonlinear gain compression
in microwave amplifiers using generalized power-series analysis and
transformation of input statistics," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory
and Techn., vol. 48, Oct. 2000, pp. 1774-1777.
[17]
K.
G. Gard, H. M. Gutierrez, and M. B. Steer, "Characterization of spectral regrowth in
microwave amplifiers based on the nonlinear transformation of a complex
Gaussian process," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techn.,
vol. 47, 1999, pp. 1059-1069.
Conference Papers
[1] M. B. Yelten and K. G. Gard, "Theoretical analysis
and characterization of the tunable matching networks in low noise amplifiers,"
European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design, 2009, pp. 890-893.
[2] G. J. Mazzaro, K. G. Gard, and M. B.
Steer, "Low distortion
amplification of multisine signals using a time-frequency technique," 2009 Int. Microwave Symp., 2009, pp.
901-904.
[3] M. B. Yelten and K. G. Gard, "A novel design procedure for
tunable low noise amplifiers," IEEE
Wireless and Microwave Techn. Conf., 2009, pp. 1-5.
[4] C. P. Domizioli, B. L. Hughes, K. G.
Gard, and G. Lazzi, "Optimal
Front-End Design for MIMO Receivers,"
IEEE Global Telecommunications Conf., 2008.
[5] G. Krishnamurthy and K. G. Gard,
"Integrated time division
multiplexing front-end circuit for multi-antenna RF receivers," IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits
(RFIC) Symp., 2008, pp. 351-354.
[6]
J.
Hu, K. G. Gard, N. B. Carvalho and M. B. Steer, “Time-Frequency Characterization
of Long-Term Memory in Nonlinear Power Amplifiers,” 2008 Int. Microwave Symp., June 2008,
pp. 269-272.
[7]
P.
Cruz, N. B. Carvalho, K. A. Remley and K. G. Gard, “Mixed Analog-Digital
Instrumentation for Software-Defined-Radio Characterization,” 2008 Int. Microwave Symp., June 2008,
pp. 253-256.
[8] G. Garner, J. Wilkerson, M. M.
Skeen, D. F. Patrick, H. Krim, K. G. Gard, and M. B. Steer, "Use of
Acoustic Parametric Arrays for Standoff Analysis and Detection,"
Government Microcircuit Applications Conf. (GOMACTech), March 2008.
[9] J. Hu, K. G. Gard, and M. B. Steer,
"Extraction of Behavioral Models for Power Amplifiers with Memory Effects
using Vector Signal Analysis and a Dynamic Time-Frequency Signal,"
Government Microcircuit Applications Conf. (GOMACTech), March 2008.
[10] G. Mazzaro, M. Steer, K. Gard, K.
Ranney, K. Kappra, and A. Walker, "Remote Electronic Device Detection
Using Switched-Tone Probes," Government Microcircuit Applications Conf.
(GOMACTech), March 2008.
[11] J. Lowry, K. Gard, and M. Steer,
"Automated Behavioral Modeling of Nonlinear Electronics," Government
Microcircuit Applications Conf. (GOMACTech), March 2008.
[12] M. Steer, G. Mazzaro, J. Wilkerson,
K. Gard, and A. Walker, "Exploiting Device-Circuit-Field Interactions in
the Time-Frequency Domain," Government Microcircuit Applications Conf.
(GOMACTech), March 2008.
[13] J. R. Wilkerson, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, "Broadband High Dynamic Range Inverse Standoff Analysis,"
Government Microcircuit Applications Conf. (GOMACTech), March 2008.
[14] J. Park, J. Fan, K. G. Gard, A. Q.
Huang, “10MHz Current
Mode 4 Switch Buck Boost Converter (4SBBC) for Polar Modulation,”
2008 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conf., Feb. 2008, pp. 1977-1983.
[15] P. Swaroop and K. G. Gard, “Crest Factor Reduction Through In-band
and Out-of-band Distortion Optimization,” 2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symp., Jan. 2008, pp. 759-762.
[16] F. P. Hart, N. B. Carvalho, K. G.
Gard, and M. B. Steer, “Modeling
Correlated and Uncorrelated Distortion in Communication Systems,” 2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symp., Jan.
2008, pp. 743-746.
[17] J. R. Wilkerson, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, “Wideband High
Dynamic Range Distortion Measurement,” 2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symp., Jan. 2008, pp. 415-418.
[18] G. Garner III, J. Wilkerson, M. M.
Skeen, D. F. Patrick, R. D. Hodges, R. D. Schimizzi, S. R. Vora, Z. Feng, K. G.
Gard, and M. B. Steer, “Acoustic-RF
Anechoic Chamber Construction and Evaluation,” 2008 IEEE Radio and Wireless Symp., Jan. 2008, pp. 331-334.
[19] C. P. Domizioli, B. L. Hughes, K. G.
Gard, and G. Lazzi, "Receive
Diversity Revisited: Correlation, Coupling and Noise," IEEE Global Telecommunications Conf., 2007, pp. 3601-3606.
[20] X. Yang, A. Davierwalla, D. Mann,
and K. G. Gard, “A 90nm CMOS
Direct Conversion Transmitter for WCDMA,” 2007 IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symp., 2007, pp.
17-20.
[21] R. E. Santos, N. B. Carvalho, and K.
Gard, “The Impact of Long Term
Memory Effects in Wireless QPSK Modulated Signals,” 2006 Int. Microwave Symposium, June
2007. pp. 961-964.
[22] J. Hu, K. G. Gard, N. B. Carvalho,
and M. B. Steer, “Dynamic
Time-Frequency Waveforms for VSA Characterization of PA Long-term Memory
Effects,” 69th ARFTG Conference,
June 2007.
[23] K. G. Gard, J. R. Wilkerson, and M.
B. Steer, “Electrothermal Generation of Intermodulation Distortion in
Film Resistors,” Government
Microcircuit Applications Conf. (GOMACTech), March 2007.
[24] A. M. Victor, J. Nath, K. G. Gard,
M. B. Steer, J. Maria, A. I. Kingon, “Tracking Phaselock Loop Characteristics
with a VCO Using a Barium Strontium Titanate (BST)Thin-Film Varactor,”
2007 Radio and Wireless Symposium,
January 2007.
[25] J. R. Wilkerson, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, “Electro-Thermal
Passive Intermodulation Distortion in Microwave Attenuators,” 37th European Microwave
Conference, Sept. 2006. pp. 157-160.
[26] Minsheng Li, L.
[27] J. Nath, W. M. Fathelbab, Peter G.
Lam, D. Ghosh, S. Aygün, K. G. Gard, J.-P. Maria, A. I. Kingon, and M. B.
Steer, “Discrete Barium
Strontium Titanate (BST) Thin-Film Interdigital Varactors on Alumina: Design, Fabrication,
Characterization, and Applications,” 2006 Int. Microwave Symposium, June 2006. pp. 1117-1120.
[28] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, “The Applicability of
Noise Power Ratio (NPR) in Real Communication Signals,” 67th ARFTG Conference, June
2006.
[29] A. Walker, J. Wilkerson, K. Gard and
M. B. Steer, “Modeling and characterization of the intermodulation
response of a remote nonlinear system,” Government Microcircuit Applications Conf. (GOMACTech), March 2006.
[30] M. Li, K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard,
and M. B. Steer, “Accurate
Multisine Representation of Digital Communication Signals for Characterization
of Nonlinear Circuits,” 2006
Radio and WIreless Symposium, January 2006, pp. 527-530.
[31] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, “Characterization
of In-Band Distortion in RF Front-Ends Using Multi-Sine Excitation,” 2006 Radio and WIreless Symposium,
January 2006, pp. 487-490.
[32] M. B. Steer, K. Gard, K. Gharaibeh,
A. Walker and W. Jang, “Deterministic and
stochastic behavioral modeling of RF front-ends,” Proc. 2006 Workshop on Integrated Nonlinear
Microwave and Millimeter-wave Circuits, Jan. 2006.
[33] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, “Estimation of
In-Band Distortion in Digital Communication System,” 2005 Int. Microwave Symposium, June
2005, pp. 1963-1966.
[34] A. Walker, K. Gard, and M. Steer,
“Simple, Broadband Relative
Phase Measurement of Intermodulation Products,” 65th ARFTG Conference, June 2005, pp. 123-127.
[35] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, "Accurate Estimation
of Digital Communication System Metrics — SNR, EVM and Rho in a Nonlinear
Amplifier Environment," 64th
ARFTG Microwave Measurements Conference, December 2004, pp. 41-44.
[36] K. G. Gard, L. E. Larson, and M. B.
Steer, “Statistical Analysis
of Spectral Regrowth in Wireless Nonlinear Circuits,” 34th European Microwave
Conference, October 2004, pp. 697-700.
[37] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M.
B. Steer, "The Impact of
Nonlinear Amplification on the Performance of CDMA Systems," 2004 Radio and Wireless Conference,
September 2004, pp. 83-86.
[38] A. Walker, M. B. Steer, K. G. Gard,
and K. M. Gharaibeh, "Multi-slice
Behavioral Model of RF Systems and Devices," 2004 Radio and Wireless Conference, September 2004, pp. 71-74.
[39]
K. Gard, K. Barnett, J. Dunworth, T. Segoria, B.
Walker, J. Zhou, D. Maldonado, A. See, and C. Persico, "Direct conversion dual-band SiGe BiCMOS
transmitter and receive PLL IC for CDMA/WCDMA/AMPS/GPS applications," IEEE Int. Solid-State Circuits Conf. Dig. Tech.
Papers,2003, vol. 1, pp. 272-273.
[40] K. Gard, L. E. Larson, and M. B.
Steer, "AM-AM and AM-PM measurement
of baseband to RF integrated circuits for ACPR calculations," 2003 Radio and Wireless Conf.,2003, pp.
273-276.
[41] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. Gard, H.
Gutierrez, and M. B. Steer, "The
importance of nonlinear order in modeling intermodulation distortion and
spectral regrowth," 2002 Radio
and Wireless Conf.,2002, pp. 161-164.
[42] K. M. Gharaibeh, K. Gard, and M. B.
Steer, "Statistical modeling of
the interaction of multiple signals in nonlinear RF systems," 2002 IEEE MTT-S Intern. Microwave Symp.
Digest,2002, vol. 1, pp. 143-146.
[43] M. B. Steer, J. Sevic, K. Gard, and
H. Gutierrez, “Adjacent
channel effects of nonlinear circuits,” 2001 IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, March 2001, pp. 12–15.
[44] K. Gard, L. E. Larson, and M. B.
Steer, "Autocorrelation analysis of
distortion generated from bandpass nonlinear circuits," Proc. 2001 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits
Conf.,2001, pp. 345-348.
[45] K. Gard, M. B. Steer, and L. E.
Larson, "Generalized
autocorrelation analysis of spectral regrowth from bandpass nonlinear circuits,"
2001 IEEE MTT-S Intern. Microwave Symp.
Digest, May 2001, vol. 1, pp. 9-12.
[46] K. Sahota, K. Gard, B. Walker, S. Szabo,
W. Su, and E. Zeisel, "A base-band
to RF BiCMOS transmitter RFIC for dual-band CDMA/AMPS wireless handsets,"
Proc. 2000 IEEE Radio Frequency
Integrated Circuits Symp.,2000, pp. 129-132.
[47] P. J. Rudge, K. Gard, H. M.
Gutierrez, M. B. Steer, and R. E. Miles, "Modelling spectral regrowth and the effect
of packet size," High Frequency
Postgraduate Student Colloquium, 1999,1999, pp. 68-73.
[48] H. Gutierrez, K. Gard, and M. B.
Steer, "Spectral regrowth in
microwave amplifiers using transformation of signal statistics," 1999 IEEE MTT-S Intern. Microwave Symp.
Digest,1999, vol. 3, pp. 985-988 vol.3.
[49] K. G. Gard, H. Gutierrez, and M. B.
Steer, "A statistical relationship for
power spectral regrowth in digital cellular radio," 1998 IEEE MTT-S Intern. Microwave Symp.
Digest,1998, vol. 2, pp. 989-992 vol.2.
[50] V. Aparin, K. Gard, G. Klemens, and
C. Persico, "GaAs RFICs for CDMA/AMPS
dual-band wireless transmitters," 1998
IEEE MTT-S Intern. Microwave Symp. Digest, June 1998, vol. 1, pp. 81-84.
[51] K. Gard, "FFT windows for intermodulation analysis of
microwave circuits from transient simulation," 1997 IEEE MTT-S Intern. Microwave Symp. Digest,1997, vol. 3, pp.
1699-1702.
[52] G. Klemens, V. Aparin, and K. Gard,
"The enhancement of static simulator
package characterization through conductor segmentation," IEEE 6th Topical Meeting on Electrical
Performance of Electronic Packaging,1997, pp. 79-82.
Workshop
Presentations
[1]
K.
Gard and M. B. Steer, “Measurements for Behavioral Model Evaluation of
I/Q Modulators and Transmitters,” 2008
Int. Microwave Symposium Workshop. June 2008,
[2]
P.
Swaroop, W. Nagy, and K. G. Gard, Performance Trade-offs in Applying Digital
Predistortion Correction and Crest Factor Reduction to Enhance the Efficiency
of GaN Linear Amplifiers, 2008 IEEE
Topical Symposium on Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communication, Jan.
2008, Orlando, FL.
[3]
K.
M. Gharaibeh, K. G. Gard, and M. B. Steer, Modeling and Measurement of
Nonlinear Memory Effects in Wireless Communication Systems, 2006 Int. Microwave Symposium Workshop.
June 2006, San Francisco, CA.
[4]
K.
Gard, Evolution in CDMA RFIC Transmitter Design, 2003 IEEE Topical Workshop on Power Amplifiers for Wireless
Communication, UCSD.
[5]
K.
Gard, L.E. Larson, M.B. Steer, Bandpass Techniques for Modeling and Analyzing
Spectral Regrowth, 2000 Santa Clara
Valley MTT-S Workshop, pp. 153-179.
[6]
K.
Gard, M.B. Steer, Efficient Simulation of Spectral Regrowth Using Nonlinear Transformation
of Signal Statistics, 1999 IEEE Topical
Workshop on Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communication, UCSD.
Patents
[1]
US
7,027,793 Direct Conversion with Variable Amplitude LO Signals
[2]
US
6,960,962 Local Oscillator Leakage Control in Direct Conversion Processes
[3]
[4]
WO
02/031962 A3 Quadrature Frequency
Converter
Ph.D. Dissertation
K. Gard,
“Autocorrelation Analysis of
Spectral Regrowth Generated by Nonlinear Circuits in Wireless Communication
Systems,”
Last Updated December 7, 2009