Development of Map of Likely Sirex noctilio Introduction

Given the serendipitous nature of insect detection the information available on introductions is highly likely incomplete and biased. This was rectified using a procedure analogous to the use of imputation for removing the bias due to non-ignorable non- response in sample surveys. All ports that received commodities similar to those found to be infected with Sirex noctilio and came from countries where Sirex noctilio has been established were identified.

Foreign marine cargo import data from the Army Corps of Engineers (COE) Waterborne Commerce division are the primary input data for this map. The data are from the time period 1997-2003, and were originally downloaded as annual tables. Each record in these annual tables contains a unique combination of attributes: 1) the commodity category of the cargo; 2) the U.S. port or waterway where the cargo was delivered; and 3) the foreign port and country of origin. Each record also lists the tonnage for that particular combination. The annual tables were merged into a single file, with each record listing the total tonnage across all years for each commodity/U.S. port/foreign country combination. Waterway and port coordinate locations were determined from COE principal ports data or from National Transportation Atlas waterway data. We made the output map by querying the merged table by source country and then by commodity type:

"CTRY_NAME" = 'ITALY' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'GERMANY' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'FRANCE' OR

“CTRY_NAME" = 'SPAIN' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'PORTUGAL' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'CHINA MAINLAND' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'TURKEY' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'SINGAPORE' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'URUGUAY' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'BRAZIL' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'ARGENTINA' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'CHILE' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'AUSTRALIA' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'NEW ZEALAND' OR

"CTRY_NAME" = 'SOUTH AFRICA'

"COMM_NAME" = 'Forest Products, Lumber, Logs, Woodchips' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'Sand, Gravel, Stone, Rock, Limestone, Soil, Dredged Material' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'Paper & Allied Products' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'Building Cement & Concrete; Lime; Glass' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'Primary Iron and Steel Products (Ingots, Bars, Rods, etc.)' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'Primary Non-Ferrous Metal Products; Fabricated Metal Prods.' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'Primary Wood Products; Veneer; Plywood' OR

"COMM_NAME" = 'All Manufactured Equipment, Machinery and Products'

See all possible commodity codes here.

We summarized the records selected with this two-part query by U.S. port, totaled the tonnage, and created an XY theme based on the lat-long coordinates of these ports.